Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an endocrine disorder characterized by abnormalities in glucose metabolism related to insulin deficiency, reduced insulin action, or a combination of these factors.

Vitamin D is directly related to calcium and phosphorus metabolism and plays a role in mechanisms essential for the body’s homeostasis. In dogs and cats, however, there is a key difference: the skin’s ability to synthesize vitamin D is limited, making the diet the primary source of this nutrient.

A hormone test result isn't determined the moment the sample is placed in the machine. Before that, there is a series of steps that can directly influence the quality and interpretation of the test.